Probability and Statistics — Formula Book (GTU: BE03000251) Probability and Statistics — Formula Book GTU: BE03000251 — Semester 3 Contents Unit 1: Basic Probability Unit 2: Special Probability Distributions Unit 3: Basic Statistics (Grouped and Ungrouped Data) Correlation and Regression Unit 4: Hypothesis Testing (Applied) Unit 5: Curve Fitting by Least Squares Appendices Unit 1: Basic Probability Basic concepts Experiment , Outcome , Sample space \(S\). Event : subset \(A\subseteq S\). Probability measure \(P\) satisfies: \(0\le P(A)\le1\), \(P(S)=1\), countable additivity. Axioms and simple results \(P(\varnothing)=0,\qquad P(S)=1.\) \(P(A^c)=1-P(A).\) Addition rule \(P(A\cup B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A\cap B).\) For mutually exclusive events (\(A\cap B=\varnothing\)): \(P(A\cup B)=P(A)+P(B)\). Conditional probabili...